Peran Kepolisian Dalam Melakukan Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Penipuan Melalui Media Sosial (Studi Kasus Pada Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara)

Abstract

Abstrak

Penipuan melalui media sosial menjadi tantangan serius di era digital karena pelaku sering menggunakan identitas palsu dan modus sulit dilacak. Dalam penelitian ini mengkaji tiga pokok yang menjadi rumusan masalah, yakni bagaimana pengaturan dalam penyidikan tindak pidana penipuan melalui media sosial, bagaimana prosedur dan peran Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara melakukan penyidikan tindak pidana penipuan melalui media sosial, dan bagaimana hambatan dan upaya Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara dalam melakukan penyidikan tindak pidana penipuan melalui media sosial. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum non-doktrinal dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan empiris. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka, dan wawancara, lalu dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk mendukung kesimpulan secara deskriptif. Peran Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara dinilai cukup efektif dalam penyidikan, mulai dari penerimaan laporan hingga pelimpahan berkas ke kejaksaan, serta menjalin koordinasi dengan Kominfo, perbankan, dan instansi terkait. Meski menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan teknologi pelacakan, identitas palsu, rendahnya literasi digital, dan minimnya bukti, Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara mengatasinya melalui pelatihan siber, kerja sama lintas sektor, peningkatan laboratorium forensik digital, serta edukasi publik mengenai literasi digital dan pencegahan penipuan online. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, unutk kedepannya, disarankan kepolisian meningkatkan kompetensi siber serta memperkuat kerja sama dengan lembaga terkait teknologi dan informasi elektronik.

Kata Kunci: Penipuan, Media Sosial, Penyidikan, Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara, Literasi Digital, Tindak Pidana Siber.

Abstract

Social media fraud has become a serious challenge in the digital era as perpetrators often utilize false identities and methods that are difficult to track. This study examines three primary problem formulations: the regulations governing investigations into social media fraud; the procedures and role of the North Sumatra Regional Police in conducting such investigations; and the obstacles and efforts of the North Sumatra Regional Police in investigating social media fraud. This study employs a non-doctrinal legal research method with a normative-juridical and empirical approach. Data were collected through literature reviews and interviews, and subsequently analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to support descriptive conclusions. The role of the North Sumatra Regional Police is considered quite effective in the investigation process, ranging from receiving reports to the submission of case files to the public prosecutor's office, as well as maintaining coordination with the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (Kominfo), banking institutions, and other relevant agencies. Despite facing hurdles such as limited tracking technology, false identities, low digital literacy, and a lack of evidence, the North Sumatra Regional Police addresses these issues through cyber training, cross-sector collaboration, the enhancement of digital forensic laboratories, and public education regarding digital literacy and online fraud prevention. Based on the research findings, it is recommended that the police enhance their cyber competencies and strengthen partnerships with institutions specializing in technology and electronic information.

Keywords: Fraud, Social Media, Investigation, North Sumatra Regional Police, Digital Literacy, Cybercrime.