Pengaruh Penerapan Self Management Dietary Behaviors (SMDB) Pada Mahasiswa Baru Terhadap Tingkat Stress dan Pola Makan Sehat

Andriani Mei Astuti, Insanul Firdaus, Fadhilla Fadhilla, Firdausi Nuzulla


Abstract


Masa kuliah merupakan fase krusial dalam pembentukan kebiasaan makan yang akan terbawa hingga dewasa. Mahasiswa sering dihadapkan pada pola makan tidak sehat, seperti konsumsi makanan cepat saji, rendah buah dan sayur, dan tinggi gula/lemak. Data WHO (2024) menyebutkan bahwa 45–55% mahasiswa di Asia Tenggara memiliki perilaku diet yang buruk, sedangkan Riskesdas (2023) menemukan lebih dari 40% remaja di Indonesia tidak memenuhi anjuran konsumsi buah dan sayur. Pola makan tidak sehat dan tingginya tingkat stres dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit kronis di usia muda. Pendekatan Self-Management Dietary Behaviors (SMDB) dalam penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh self management dietary behaviour (SMDB) pada  mahasiswa baru terhadap tingkat stress dan pola makan. Metode penelitian ini merupakan quasi-experimental dengan desain cross-sectional. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) dan Healthy Eating Index (HEI) untuk menilai pola makan dan SMDB yang telah tervalidasi. Analisis statistic menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan signifikansi 0,05. Hasil menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan dengan SMDB (p = 0,002), di mana mahasiswa dengan SMDB sedang hingga tinggi cenderung memiliki pola makan lebih sehat, sedangkan pola makan buruk lebih banyak ditemukan pada mahasiswa dengan SMDB rendah. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kemampuan perencanaan, monitoring, dan kontrol diri berperan penting dalam membentuk pola makan sehat. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi dunia keperawatan untuk mengembangkan intervensi edukatif berbasis self-management guna meningkatkan perilaku makan sehat pada mahasiswa baru

Keywords


stres, pola makan, remaja, self-management

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/best.v8i2.13082

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