Ekosistem Manggrove adalah wilayah yang harus dilestarikan untuk mencegah terjadinya abrasi pantai, dan sering dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar untuk membuat arang. Namun, melihat kondisi lapangan terlihat hutan manggrove banyak ditebang dikarenakan  untuk pembuatan arang sehingga terjadinya kerusakan pada beberapa lahan sehingga tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pola pemetaan kerusakan ekosistem mangrove akibat aktivitas masyarakat, Mengetahui keanekaragaman vegetasi mangrove dan mengetahui persepsi masyarakat tentang ekosistem mangrove di Desa Kuala Langsa. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 4 bulan mulai dari bulan November 2021 sampai dengan bulan Febuari 2022. Teknik pengambilan dan pengamatan pola kerusakan dengan menggunakan metode NDVI ( Normalized Difference Vegetation Indeks), keanekaragaman vegetasi mangrove dengan menggunakan metode transek yang terdiri atas 3 transek terdiri dari 4 plot. Transek dimulai dari arah laut menuju kedaratan dan tegak lurus garis pantai. Pengukuran dilakukan terhadap pohon (20m x 20m), pancang (5m x 5m), dan semai (2m x 2m) sedangkan untuk persepsi masyarakat menggunakan kuisioner tertutup. Analisa data keanakeragaman mangrove yaitu menghitung kerapatan, kerapatan relatif, frekuensi, frekuensi relatif, dominansi, dominansi relatif, Indeks nilai penting dan indeks keanekaragaman sedangkan persepsi masyarakat menggunakan frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode NDVI menghasilkan rusak ringan 6,275 ha dan rusak berat 0,346 dan vegetasi di hutan mangrove Kuala Langsa ditemukan 5 jenis mangrove sejati dan 1 jenis komponen mangrove ikutan dengan kerapan tertinggi pada transek 2 tingkat semai yaitu Rhizophora apiculata dengan kerapatan 53.125 batang/ha dan kerapatan terendah pada transek 2 tingkat pohon yaitu Xylocarous Granatum dengan kerapatan 6,25 batang/ha. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan keanekaragaman jenis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keanekaragaman spesies sedikit atau rendah sedangkan persepsi masyarakat tentang kerusakan ekosistem mangrove yang terjadi di desa kuala langsa yaitu 63,3 % 

Kata kunci: Hutan Mangrove, Kerusakan, NDVI, dan Pemetaan

ABSTRACT

Mangrove ecosystem is an area that must be preserved to prevent coastal erosion, and is often used by local communities to make charcoal. However, looking at the field conditions, it appears that many mangrove forests are being cut down due to charcoal making so that there is damage to some land so the purpose of this study is to find out the mapping pattern of mangrove ecosystem damage due to community activities, to know the diversity of mangrove vegetation and to know the community's perception of the mangrove ecosystem in Kuala Langsa Village. . This research was conducted for 4 months starting from November 2021 to February 2022. The technique of taking and observing damage patterns was using the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) method, mangrove vegetation diversity using the transect method consisting of 3 transects consisting of 4 plots. . The transect starts from the sea to the land and is perpendicular to the coastline. Measurements were made on trees (20mx20m), saplings (5mx5m), and seedlings (2mx2m) while for public perception, a closed questionnaire was used. Analysis of mangrove diversity data is calculating density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, dominance, relative dominance, important value index and diversity index, while community perception uses frequency. The results of the study using the NDVI method resulted in light damage of 6.275 ha and severe damage of 0.346 and vegetation in the Kuala Langsa mangrove forest found 5 true mangrove species and 1 type of associated mangrove component with the highest density on a 2-level seedling transect, namely Rhizophora apiculata with a density of 53,125 stems/ha and the lowest density on the tree level 2 transect was Xylocarous Granatum with a density of 6.25 stems/ha. Based on the results of research conducted on species diversity, it shows that the level of species diversity is little or low, while the public perception of the damage to the mangrove ecosystem that occurs in the village of Kuala Langsa is 63.3%.

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