Teknologi Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell Sebagai Energi Alternatif yang Berkelanjutan

Fajar Agus Saputro, Muhamad Riyan Maulana, Imbuk Risnawati, Heny Kurniawati


Abstract


Ketergantungan akan penggunaan energi konvensional/fosil semakin meningkat selama setengah abad terakhir sehingga menyebabkan krisis energi dan peningkatan emisi CO2. Sebagai alternatif energi, salah satu yang paling prospektif adalah Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Lautan Indonesia menyimpan potensi besar akan kandungan bahan organik pada sedimen laut yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell(SMFC). Teknologi SMFC dalam skala besar saat ini masih sulit diterapkan karena studi mengenai pengenalan SMFC, strategi optimasi, dan pembuatan prototype masih sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan mengenai prinsip kerja SMFC, faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan penerapan SMFC, dan strategi optimasinya. SMFC melibatkan mikroorganisme yang terdapat pada sedimen laut untuk mendegradasi bahan organik sehingga menghasilkan listrik. Eksplorasi lokasi sedimen perlu dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kualitas sedimen yang kaya akan bahan organik dan mikroorganisme. Pemilihan material elektroda juga perlu dipertimbangkan karena dapat mempengaruhi penempelan mikroba dan kemampuan mentransfer elektron. Modifikasi elektroda biasanya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan performa pembangkitan listrik. Kondisi operasi seperti suhu, kadar oksigen, dan pH dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan mikroba sedimen sehingga kondisi optimal perlu ditentukan. Scale-upSMFC memang memiliki banyak tantangan karena teknologi ini cukup baru. Akan tetapi, bila prinsip SMFC bisa dikuasai dengan baik dan setiap parameter dioptimasi, maka peluang keberhasilan scale-up SMFC semakin meningkat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pedoman dalam penerapan SMFC dalam skala besar.

Keywords


Microbial Fuel Cell; Sedimen; Bahan Bakar Fosil; Listrik; Energi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/best.v7i1.9447

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