Model Integrasi Tenaga Surya-Angin dengan Penyimpanan berbasis Superkapasitor-Baterai pada Kondisi Cuaca dan Beban Dinamis

Muji Juherwin, Rifky Irawan, Mohamad Farid Misnan


Abstract


Integrasi sumber energi terbarukan menghadapi tantangan utama berupa fluktuasi daya yang tinggi, sehingga membutuhkan sistem penyimpanan energi yang responsif dan andal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja baterai, superkapasitor, serta skema Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) berbasis mekanisme breaker dalam merespons variabilitas sumber energi dan profil beban. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan data radiasi matahari dari satelit Himawari dan profil beban Pulau Lombok yang telah melalui proses downscaling. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa baterai mampu meredam fluktuasi daya, namun memiliki keterbatasan dalam merespons dinamika cepat dan berpotensi mengalami degradasi akibat siklus operasi yang intensif. Sebaliknya, superkapasitor memiliki respons dinamis yang sangat cepat dan mampu menyerap fluktuasi daya secara efektif, tetapi terbatas dalam kapasitas energi. Implementasi HESS dengan mekanisme breaker, yang memposisikan superkapasitor sebagai penyimpan utama dan baterai sebagai backup berbasis ambang state of charge (SOC), terbukti meningkatkan penyerapan energi terbarukan, mengurangi kehilangan energi, serta menurunkan frekuensi siklus baterai. Dengan demikian, strategi ini berpotensi meningkatkan efisiensi dan umur pakai sistem penyimpanan energi.

Keywords


energi terbarukan; hybrid energy storage system; baterai; superkapasitor; SOC

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/jet.v11i1.13370

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