Perancangan dan Analisis Sistem Transfer Daya Nirkabel Untuk Kendaraan Listrik Menggunakan Resonansi Kopling Magnetik
Abstract
Teknologi transfer daya nirkabel medan dekat dapat dikelompokkan menjadi transfer daya induktif dan
transfer daya kapasitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem pengisian
baterai nirkabel berbasis resonansi kopling magnetik yang termasuk dalam kategori transfer daya induktif.
Pada sisi pemancar, sumber listrik diubah menjadi arus bolak-balik berfrekuensi tinggi menggunakan inverter
jembatan penuh. Arus tersebut dialirkan melalui kumparan pemancar untuk menghasilkan medan magnet yang
berubah terhadap waktu. Kumparan penerima dirancang agar beresonansi pada frekuensi yang sama dengan
kumparan pemancar sehingga dapat menangkap medan magnet dan menghasilkan tegangan induksi.
Tegangan bolak-balik pada sisi penerima kemudian disearahkan dan distabilkan untuk digunakan dalam
pengisian baterai. Jaringan kompensasi seri-paralel digunakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi transfer daya
antara kumparan pemancar dan kumparan penerima. Kedua kumparan dirancang berbentuk spiral datar
melingkar dengan diameter 15 cm. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan dua variasi kumparan, yaitu kumparan
dengan 9 lilitan dan 16 lilitan, yang dirancang masing-masing memiliki frekuensi resonansi sebesar 69,43 kHz
dan 42,59 kHz. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi transfer daya maksimum dari sisi DC masukan
inverter ke DC keluaran (beban) sebesar 21,81% diperoleh pada jarak antarkumparan 6 cm menggunakan
kumparan 16 lilitan. Dibandingkan dengan kumparan 9 lilitan, kumparan 16 lilitan menghasilkan efisiensi
transfer daya yang lebih tinggi serta memiliki toleransi yang lebih baik terhadap pertambahan jarak sampai 12
cm dan ketidaksejajaran antarkumparan maksimum 9 cm
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/jet.v11i2.13814
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