PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP STRATA SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DI ZAMAN KLASIK DALAM PANDANGAN IMAM al-GHAZALI

Abstract

The educational concept developed by Imam al-Ghazali originates from the content of Islamic teachings and Islamic traditions which uphold the principles of the whole person. This research examines the influence of education on social strata in the classical era in terms of Imam al-Ghazali's thoughts. This research method is a qualitative method in the form of literature research or what is called library research. The results of the research show that al-Ghazali's educational thought is religious-ethical and places science in a very honorable position. Education is a means to get closer to Allah SWT which can lead humans to achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter. Al-Ghazali's educational goals include three aspects, namely the first is the cognitive aspect which includes the development of reasoning such as intelligence, skills and thinking power. The second is the affective aspect, which includes the development of the heart, such as developing feelings, heart and soul, and the third is the psychomotor aspect, namely physical development, such as body health and skills. Apart from that, al-Ghazali places two important things as his educational orientation, namely achieving human perfection which qualitatively brings himself closer to Allah SWT, and achieving perfection to achieve happiness in this world and the hereafter. In this way, al-Ghazali's paradigm regarding the correlation between educators and social strata makes it clear that the higher a person's education, the more knowledgeable they should be and the closer (taqarrub) they are to Allah by upholding noble morals in their interactions with others. Therefore, an educator is a noble human figure and totally concentrates on the field of education and allows him to receive material rewards proportionally to meet his living needs.