POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY MAJOR CHARACTERS IN JANE AUSTEN’S NOVEL, PRIDE AND PREJUDICE

Abd Syakur, Wahyu Sudrajad, Masruroh Masruroh

Abstract


The purpose of this study was to describe the language politeness employed by the major character in The Pride and Prejudice novel. The method used was descriptive qualitative. The researchers found: first, the data of positive politeness strategies and the data of negative politeness strategies were in line with Brown and Levinson's theory, 10 positive types of politeness strategies.  The mostly used were: paying attention to the speaker’s interests, wants, requirements and commodities. When the speaker truly means “you” or “me”, he can employ the strategy of inclusiveness form to invoke the cooperative presumptions and rectify FTAs, giving or asking for explanations, insisting on reciprocity, goodness, sympathy, understanding, and cooperation. Out of 8 negative types of politeness strategies, the mostly used were: adopting a customarily indirect stance, not taking compliance for granted, expressing pessimism about one’s capacity or willingness, to reduce the burden, as cited from  the FTAs as an illustration of a general principle. Then, three factors influenced the use of polite language, namely: social distance, power, and degree of impositions. 


Keywords


degree of impositions; politeness strategies; power; social distance

Full Text:

PDF

References


AlAfnan, M. A. (2022). Uniting for peace: A speech act analysis of the united nations general assembly resolution 377 A (V). World Journal of English Language, Sciedu Press, vol. 12(6), pages 1-50,

Ambarwati, R., & Kuncorohadi, P. (2023). The power of cooperative principle and politeness strategy in forming phatic speech acts. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 367–377.

Austen, Jane. (2021). Pride and Prejudice. London: Whitehall.

Erkinovna, Y. F. (2019). Negative politeness. International Journal on Integrated Education, 4(3), 468–471.

Ernawati, L., Issusilaningtyas, E., & Sefiani, H. N. (2022). The impact of fintech on financial literacy and inclusion at cilacap’s pharmacy with the miles and huberman model. Jurnal Ekonomi, 11(03), 1335–1340.

Feng, Z. (2023). Textual mmotivity and literary (Im) politeness: In advancing (Im) politeness studies: Cultural, digital and emotional aspects (pp. 115–132). Springer.

Fitriyah, F., Emzir, E., & Ridwan, S. (2019). Cultural values of politeness in efl classroom: a study of etnography of communication. Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, 3(2), 207–216. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v3i2.1965

Hastuti, D. M., & Wijayanto, A. (2023). Politeness strategies of assertive acts by indonesian efl learners in conversation class. Premise: Journal of English Education, 12(2), 402. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v12i2.5431

Jannah, R., & Ghofur, A. (2022). The analysis of students politeness response on lecturer request by voice message in whatsapp group at fifth semester of tbi 2021 iain madura based on brown and levinson perspective. PANYONARA: Journal of English Education, 4(2), 159–174.

Kelly, L. M., & Cordeiro, M. (2020). Three principles of pragmatism for research on organizational processes. Methodological Innovations, 13(2), 2059799120937242.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.

Peterson, J. S. (2019). Presenting a qualitative study: A reviewer’s perspective. Gifted Child Quarterly, 63(3), 147–158.

Prayitno, H. J., Nasucha, Y., Huda, M., Ratih, K., Rohmadi, M., Boeriswati, E., & Thambu, N. (2022). Prophetic educational values in the indonesian language textbook: Pillars of positive politeness and character education. Heliyon, 8(8).

Pristiwati, R., Rustono, R., & Prabaningrum, D. (2020). Politeness strategies of metaphorical expression in tegalan short stories. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Science, Education and Technology, ISET 2019, 29th June 2019, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia.

Raji, I. D., Gebru, T., Mitchell, M., Buolamwini, J., Lee, J., & Denton, E. (2020). Saving face: Investigating the ethical concerns of facial recognition auditing. In Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society (pp. 145–151).

Sapoetra, J. (2021). Face threatening acts in pre-service teachers and students: A case study in efl classroom. Biormatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(2), 199–205.

Septianto, F., Northey, G., Chiew, T. M., & Ngo, L. V. (2020). Hubristic pride & prejudice: The effects of hubristic pride on negative word-of-mouth. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 37(3), 621–643.

Setyawan, A. H., Binawan, H., & Nugraeni, N. (2022). Politeness strategies used by pedicab drivers to foreign tourists in malioboro street. Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, 6(2), 535–544. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v6i2.6162

Syakur, A., Susilo, T. A. B., Wike, W., & Ahmadi, R. (2020). Sustainability of communication, organizational culture, cooperation, trust and leadership style for lecturer commitments in higher education. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(2), 1325–1335. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.980

Taufik, K. S. (2014). The aspects of anomaly in semantic study (An effort to increase students competence in semantic study). Prosodi, 8(1).

Wedhowerti, W. (2023). the epilogue of dennis lehane’s mystic river: A syntactic analysis. Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, 7(1), 105–114. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v7i1.6378

Xie, C. (2021). Introduction: approaching (im) politeness philosophically. The Philosophy of (Im) Politeness, 1–12.

Xirera, H., Muth’im, A., & Nasrullah, N. (2021). English-indonesian translation method of book’s glossary. New Language Dimensions, 2(2), 106–116. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.26740/nld.v2n2.p106-116

Yulian, A. A., & Mandarani, V. (2023). A Speech act analysis: Illocutionary acts produced by teacher in esl classroom. Celtic: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature and Linguistics,10(1), 1-12., 10(1), 1–13. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.22219/celtic.v10i1.23276




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/ll.v7i2.8199

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Fakultas Sastra 
Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara (UISU), Medan
Jl. Sisingamangaraja Teladan Medan 20217
Telp. (061) 7869911, e-mail: language_literacy@sastra.uisu.ac.id