Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas (Studi Putusan Nomor 331/Pid.B/2024/Pn. Plw)

Abstract

Abstrak
Pelaku hubungan seksual dengan penyandang disabilitas dikenakan tanggung jawab pidana penuh dan bahkan menghadapi hukuman yang lebih tinggi karena mengeksploitasi kerentanan korban. Pertanyaan penelitian yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah: Apa kebijakan pidana mengenai hubungan seksual dengan penyandang disabilitas? Apa pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku hubungan seksual dengan penyandang disabilitas berdasarkan Putusan Nomor 331/Pid.B/2024/PN.Plw? Apa pertimbangan hukum hakim saat menjatuhkan hukuman kepada pelaku hubungan seksual dengan penyandang disabilitas dalam Putusan Nomor 331/B/2024/PN.Plw? Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, didukung oleh penelitian yuridis empiris, termasuk wawancara dengan praktisi/advokat hukum di Kota Medan dan analisis kualitatif. Kebijakan pidana mengenai tindak pidana hubungan seksual terhadap penyandang disabilitas dilaksanakan melalui pendekatan pidana dan non-pidana. Pendekatan pidana ditetapkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual, khususnya Pasal 21, yang menegaskan bahwa penyandang disabilitas berhak dilindungi dari berbagai bentuk kekerasan, termasuk kekerasan seksual. Pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku hubungan seksual terhadap penyandang disabilitas ditentukan dengan pengungkapan fakta di pengadilan bahwa terdakwa dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban karena telah memenuhi unsur-unsur pertanggungjawaban pidana, yaitu, perbuatan melawan hukum, kemampuan pelaku untuk bertanggung jawab, kesalahan (sengaja atau lalai), dan tidak adanya alasan. Kesimpulan: Pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam menjatuhkan hukuman kepada pelaku persetubuhan seksual terhadap penyandang disabilitas dalam Putusan Nomor 331/Pid.B/2024/PN.Plw didasarkan pada pemenuhan unsur-unsur Pasal 6 huruf c juncto Pasal 6 huruf c. Pasal 15 ayat (1) huruf h Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual sehingga terdakwa bertanggung jawab atas perbuatannya dan terdakwa dipidana 10 (sepuluh) tahun penjara dan denda Rp 100.000.000,00 (seratus juta rupiah), dengan ketentuan jika denda tidak dibayar akan diganti dengan pidana penjara selama 6 (enam) bulan.
Kata kunci: Tanggung Jawab Pidana, Hubungan Seksual, Disabilitas.

Abstrack
Perpetrators of sexual relations with people with disabilities are subject to full criminal responsibility and even face higher penalties for exploiting the victim's vulnerability. The research questions discussed in this study are: What is the criminal policy regarding sexual relations with people with disabilities? What is the criminal liability of perpetrators of sexual relations with persons with disabilities based on Decision Number 331/Pid.B/2024/PN.Plw? What are the judge's legal considerations when sentencing perpetrators of sexual relations with persons with disabilities in Decision Number 331/B/2024/PN.Plw? This research is descriptive, and the approach used is normative juridical research, supported by empirical juridical research, including interviews with legal practitioners/advocates in the City of Medan and qualitative analysis. Criminal policies regarding the criminal act of sexual relations against persons with disabilities are implemented through criminal and non-criminal approaches. The criminal approach is stipulated by Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning the Crime of Sexual Violence, especially Article 21, which emphasizes that people with disabilities have the right to be protected from various forms of violence, including sexual violence. Criminal liability for perpetrators of sexual intercourse with persons with disabilities is determined by the disclosure of facts in court that the defendant can be held accountable for having fulfilled the elements of criminal liability, namely, unlawful acts, the ability of the perpetrator to be responsible, fault (intentional or negligent), and the absence of excuse. Conclusion: The judge's legal considerations in sentencing perpetrators of sexual intercourse against persons with disabilities in Decision Number 331/Pid.B/2024/PN.Plw are based on the fulfillment of the elements of Article 6 letter c juncto Article 6 letter c. Article 15 paragraph (1) letter h of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning the Crime of Sexual Violence so that the defendant is responsible for his actions and the defendant is sentenced to 10 (ten) years in prison and a fine of Rp 100,000,000.00 (one hundred million rupiah), with the provision that if the fine is not paid, it will be replaced with a prison sentence of 6 (six) months.
Keywords: Criminal Responsibility, Sexual Relations, Disability.