Investigasi Pengaruh Waktu Breakdown terhadap Keberadaan Streamer Sekunder

Muhammad Ikhwanus, T Iqbal Faridiansyah, Ezwarsyah Ezwarsyah, Muhammad Muhammad, Muchlis Abd Muthalib, Andik Bintoro, Sayed Fachrurrazi


Abstract


Penelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh waktu breakdown dan kuat medan listrik terhadap transisi streamer primer–sekunder pada celah udara jarum–pelat di bawah tegangan impuls positif. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan generator Marx dengan variasi tegangan 42–75 kV pada celah 3 cm dalam kondisi temperatur dan tekanan standar (20 °C; 101,3 kPa). Tegangan dan waktu breakdown direkam menggunakan osiloskop beresolusi 1 ns, sedangkan klasifikasi mekanisme breakdown mengacu pada model Kojima. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi breakdown pada 42 kV karena medan rata-rata (14 kV/cm) berada di bawah medan kritis. Daerah transisi pada 54–60 kV lebih sering menghasilkan waktu breakdown tercepat sebesar 77–92 ns, sedangkan streamer sekunder dominan pada 66–75 kV dengan waktu stabil sekitar 115–157 ns, meskipun masih muncul kejadian stokastik hingga 860–940 ns. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan medan listrik mempercepat ionisasi dan propagasi streamer, namun hubungan tersebut tidak sepenuhnya linier akibat fluktuasi elektron awal dan dinamika plasma. Hasil ini memperlihatkan sinergi antara Hukum Paschen sebagai mekanisme inisiasi ionisasi dan pemanasan Joule sebagai mekanisme penguatan konduktivitas kanal pada fase kemunculan streamer sekunder.

Keywords


impulse voltage; waktu breakdown; streamer sekunder; tegangan breakdown; Joule heating.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/jet.v11i3.14276

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