REVIEW: PERAN SOD, KATALASE, DAN GLUTATION PEROKSIDASE DALAM STRES OKSIDATIF

Zulfina Riyadloh, Najwa Alfi Izza, Laili Nur Farida, Syifanatul Ainy


Abstract


Stres oksidatif adalah ketidakseimbangan biokimia utama yang disebabkan oleh produksi spesies oksigen reaktif (ROS) yang berlebihan di luar kapasitas sistem pertahanan antioksidan. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mekanisme biokimia dan peran enzim antioksidan, termasuk superoksida dismutase (SOD), katalase (CAT), dan glutathione peroksidase (GPx), dalam menjaga keseimbangan redoks seluler. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan literatur naratif dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis artikel-artikel relevan dari berbagai basis data ilmiah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa SOD mengubah radikal superoksida menjadi hidrogen peroksida, yang selanjutnya didetoksifikasi oleh CAT dan GPx menjadi air dan oksigen. Enzim-enzim ini bekerja secara sinergis dan diatur melalui jalur pensinyalan redoks seperti Nrf2. Disregulasi sistem ini dikaitkan dengan perkembangan penyakit degeneratif. Kesimpulannya, enzim antioksidan memainkan peran penting dalam perlindungan seluler dan memiliki potensi untuk aplikasi terapeutik.

Keywords


Stres oksidatif; enzim antioksidan; superoksida dismutase; katalase; glutathione peroksidase

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/cheds.v10i1.13407

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