IMPLEMENTASI RASCH MODEL UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN INSTRUMEN TES BERBASIS HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS) PADA POKOK BAHASAN IKATAN KIMIA

Hisar Marulita Manurung, Eva Pratiwi Pane, Ayi Darmana


Abstract


Salah satu kompetensi penting yang perlu dimiliki siswa di abad ke-21 adalah keterampilan berpikir kritis. Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perkembangan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa, diperlukan alat ukur atau instrumen yang mampu mengevaluasi kemampuan tersebut secara akurat. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan Model Rasch sebagai pendekatan dalam mengembangkan instrumen pengukuran keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada mata pelajaran kimia, khususnya pada konsep ikatan kimia. Berdasarkan tinjauan terhadap Kompetensi Dasar (KD) dan indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis, penyusunan indikator soal dilakukan sebagai landasan pengembangan instrumen. Selanjutnya, soal-soal tersebut dilengkapi dengan kunci jawaban dan pedoman penilaian yang disesuaikan dengan indikator yang telah ditetapkan. Instrumen yang dikembangkan terdiri dari 13 butir soal yang telah divalidasi oleh dua orang ahli dan direvisi berdasarkan saran yang diberikan. Setelah itu, instrumen tersebut diujicobakan kepada 32 siswa SMA di Pematangsiantar. Data hasil uji coba kemudian dianalisis menggunakan *Rasch Partial Credit Model* untuk menentukan kualitas setiap butir soal serta kelayakan instrumen secara keseluruhan. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa 12 dari 13 soal memenuhi kriteria sebagai instrumen yang berkualitas berdasarkan analisis Model Rasch, dengan nilai reliabilitas instrumen sebesar 0,72 yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup. Temuan penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan Model Rasch memiliki potensi yang baik dalam pengembangan instrumen untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa di bidang kimia.

Keywords


Rasch model; instruments; HOTS; chemical bonds

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/cheds.v10i1.13852

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