Praktik Bagi Hasil Pengelolaan Kebun Sawit Dan Tinjauan Akad Al-Musaqah di Desa Bagan Nibung

Abstract

This study examines oil palm plantation profit-sharing practices against al-musaqah criteria, covering distribution mechanisms, cooperation periods, and conformity with Islamic economic principles in Bagan Nibung Village, Rokan Hilir Regency, Indonesia. A descriptive-analytical qualitative approach involved 17 purposively selected informants, including plantation owners, managers, religious leaders, community representatives, and village officials. Data were collected through nonparticipant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through condensation, presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification. Findings indicate that cooperation arrangements exhibit al-musaqah characteristics, although communities describe them as profit-sharing. Distribution ratios of 50:50 or 60:40 are mutually agreed upon after deducting certain operational expenses. However, agreements are predominantly verbal, without clearly defined cooperation periods or detailed operational costs, potentially creating uncertainty and disputes. The study concludes that these practices reflect mutual consent and cooperation but require transparency, contractual clarity, and protection of both parties’ rights to align with Islamic economic principles. These findings support fair, sustainable, and Sharia-compliant plantation management through agreements clarifying responsibilities, operational expenses, distribution procedures, and cooperation duration.