ANALISA KANDUNGAN KIMIA DAN PENENTUAN KADAR FLAVANOID ASAP CAIR KAYU PELAWAN

Mariyamah mariyamah, Fitria Wijayanti, Ade Oktasari, Dwi Fitriyani, Hari Andika, Nia Khoirunisa

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perubahan kandungan kimia yang terjadi selama proses pemurnian asap cair dan untuk mengetahui total kandungan flavonoid dalam asap cair murni. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap yaitu analisis kandungan lignoselulosa sampel kayu Pelawan, produksi asap cair (termasuk pemurnian), karakterisasi sampel asap cair menggunakan GC-MS, dan penentuan kadar flavonoid dalam asap cair menggunakan UV-Vis. Hasil analisis lignoselulosa menunjukkan bahwa kayu Pelawan mengandung persentase selulosa yang tinggi (65,69%) dibandingkan dengan lignin dan hemiselulosa. Komposisi kimia (eter, keton, aldehida, fenol) asap cair kayu Pelawan menunjukkan perubahan ketika dilakukan perlakuan distilasi, dengan fenol terdeteksi dalam jumlah yang lebih banyak dari sebelumnya. Total kandungan flavonoid dalam asap cair murni sebesar 59,647 mg/L.

Keywords


Asap cair; kayu pelawan; GC-MS; UV-Vis

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abou Baker, D. H. (2022). An ethnopharmacological review on the therapeutical properties of flavonoids and their mechanisms of actions: A comprehensive review based on up to date knowledge. Toxicology Reports, 9, 445–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.011

Andy, Malaka, R., Purwanti, S., Ali, H. M., & Aulyani, T. L. (2021). Liquid smoke characteristic from coconut shell and rice husk. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 788(1), 012078. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/788/1/012078

Cahyaningsih, R., Phillips, J., Magos Brehm, J., Gaisberger, H., & Maxted, N. (2021). Climate change impact on medicinal plants in Indonesia. Global Ecology and Conservation, 30, e01752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01752

Chu, D., Zhang, X., Mu, J., Avramidis, S., Xue, L., & Li, Y. (2019). A greener approach to byproducts from the production of heat-treated poplar wood: Analysis of volatile organic compound emissions and antimicrobial activities of its condensate. Journal of Cleaner Production, 213, 521–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.163

Devi, D., Astutik, D., Cahyanto, M. N., & Djaafar, T. F. (2019). KANDUNGAN LIGNIN, HEMISELULOSA DAN SELULOSA PELEPAH SALAK PADA PERLAKUAN AWAL SECARA FISIK KIMIA DAN BIOLOGI. Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian Dan Biosistem, 7(2), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.29303/jrpb.v7i2.148

Díez, D., Urueña, A., Piñero, R., Barrio, A., & Tamminen, T. (2020). Determination of Hemicellulose, Cellulose, and Lignin Content in Different Types of Biomasses by Thermogravimetric Analysis and Pseudocomponent Kinetic Model (TGA-PKM Method). Processes, 8(9), 1048. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8091048

Efrinalia, W., Novia, N., & Melwita, E. (2022). Kinetic Model for Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose from Pre-Treated Rice Husks. Fermentation, 8(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8090417

Grewal, A., Abbey, Lord, & Gunupuru, L. R. (2018). Production, prospects and potential application of pyroligneous acid in agriculture. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis.

Guedes, R. E., Luna, A. S., & Torres, A. R. (2018). Operating parameters for bio-oil production in biomass pyrolysis: A review. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 129, 134–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JAAP.2017.11.019

Hartanto, S., Sulistyaningsih, Y. C., & Walujo, E. B. (2018). Indigenous Knowledge Degradation of Lom community, Bangka Island in identifying and using Pelawan Padang (Tristaniopsis merguensis). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 10(3), 663–670. https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.14089

Huynh, T. T. H., Wongmaneepratip, W., & Vangnai, K. (2024). Relationship between Flavonoid Chemical Structures and Their Antioxidant Capacity in Preventing Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Formation in Heated Meat Model System. Foods, 13(7), 1002. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13071002

Idiawati, N., Monica, G., Sofiana, M. S. J., Safitri, I., & Siregar, S. (2021). Characteristics and Chemical Compounds Liquid Smoke of Mangrove Stem Bark Waste from Charcoal Industry. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 56(3), 63–71. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.56.3.6

Iskandar, T., & Rofiatin, U. (2017). KARAKTERISTIK BIOCHAR BERDASARKAN JENIS BIOMASSA DAN PARAMETER PROSES PYROLISIS. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.33005/tekkim.v12i1.843

Kawamura, K., Izawa, Y., Mochida, M., & Shiraiwa, T. (2012). Ice core records of biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan and dehydroabietic, vanillic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids) and total organic carbon for past 300 years in the Kamchatka Peninsula, Northeast Asia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 99, 317–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.08.006

Lee, C. L., Chin, K. L., Khoo, P. S., Hafizuddin, M. S., & H’ng, P. S. (2022). Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment. Polymers, 14(18), 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863

Li, W., Ge, P., Chen, M., Tang, J., Cao, M., Cui, Y., Hu, K., & Nie, D. (2021). Tracers from Biomass Burning Emissions and Identification of Biomass Burning. Atmosphere, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111401

Marin, A., Rector, L., Morin, B., & Allen, G. (2022). Residential wood heating: An overview of U.S. impacts and regulations. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 72(7), 619–628. https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2022.2050442

Moeller, R. &. (2002). Liquid Smoke: Product Of Hardwood Pyrolysis. Enviromental Science.

Musule, R., Alarcón-Gutiérrez, E., Houbron, E. P., Bárcenas-Pazos, G. M., del Rosario Pineda-López, M., Domínguez, Z., & Sánchez-Velásquez, L. R. (2016). Chemical composition of lignocellulosic biomass in the wood of Abies religiosa across an altitudinal gradient. Journal of Wood Science, 62(6), 537–547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-016-1585-0

Nabilla, A., & Daulay, A. S. (2024). Science Midwifery Determination of secondary metabolite content of phenolic group from liquid smoke of coconut shell and husk (Cocos nucifera L.) using visible spectrophotometry. In Science Midwifery (Vol. 12, Issue 5). Online. www.midwifery.iocspublisher.orgJournalhomepage:www.midwifery.iocspublisher.org

Nadya Aulena, D., Fitri Yani, D., Lufika Tondi, M., Dandi, M., Kiki Wahyudin, H., & Raihan, D. (2023). Determination of Flavonoid Content and Anti-Inflammatory Activity Extract and Fraction of Sungkai Leaf (Peronema canescens Jack) Penentuan Kadar Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack). JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, 21(2).

Nopri Ismi. (2022, March 1). Pelawan, Pohon Unik Warna Merah di Bangka Belitung. Https://Www.Mongabay.Co.Id/2022/03/01/Pelawan-Pohon-Unik-Warna-Merah-Di-Bangka-Belitung/.

Ratnani, R. D., Hadiyanto, H., Widiyanto, W., & Adhi, M. A. (2022). Characterization of Liquid Smoke from Dried Water Hyacinth Using GCMS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry) to Utilize Weeds as Food Preservative. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v11i2.34501

Ristiani, W., Yuniati, R., Lestari, R., & Wardhana, W. (2022). Application of Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke to Control Fusarium Wilt Disease on Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 44(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v44i1.2355

Rodziewicz, P., Swarcewicz, B., Chmielewska, K., Wojakowska, A., & Stobiecki, M. (2014). Influence of abiotic stresses on plant proteome and metabolome changes. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-013-1402-y

Saldaña, E., Saldarriaga, L., Cabrera, J., Siche, R., Behrens, J. H., Selani, M. M., de Almeida, M. A., Silva, L. D., Silva Pinto, J. S., & Contreras-Castillo, C. J. (2019). Relationship between volatile compounds and consumer-based sensory characteristics of bacon smoked with different Brazilian woods. Food Research International, 119, 839–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.10.067

Shi, G., Wang, X.-C., Li, Y., Trengove, R., Hu, Z., Mi, M., Li, X., Yu, J., Hunter, B., & He, T. (2019). Organic tracers from biomass burning in snow from the coast to the ice sheet summit of East Antarctica. Atmospheric Environment, 201, 231–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.12.058

Siswarni MZ, Yusrina Ika Putri, & Rizka Rinda P. (2017). Ekstraksi Kuersetin dari Kulit Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.) menggunakan Pelarut Etanol dengan Metode Maserasi dan Sokletasi. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 6(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v6i1.1563

Sokamte tegang, A., Mbougueng, P. D., Sachindra, N. M., Douanla Nodem, N. F., & Tatsadjieu Ngoune, L. (2020). Characterization of volatile compounds of liquid smoke flavourings from some tropical hardwoods. Scientific African, 8, e00443. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIAF.2020.E00443

Triawan, D. A., Nasution, A. V, Sutanto, T. D., Nesbah, N., Widiyati, E., Adfa, M., Banon, C., & Nurwidiyani, R. (2022). Preparation and Characterization of Liquid Smoke from Wood Sawdust Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) M. Jacobs and its Application as a Natural Rubber Coagulant. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1108(1), 012052. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1108/1/012052

Turatbekova, A., Babamuradova, L., Tasheva, U., Saparbaeva, N., Saibnazarova, G., Turayeva, M., & Yakubov, Y. (2023). A brief review on biological and chemical activities of flavonoids in plants. E3S Web of Conferences, 434. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343403026




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/cheds.v9i1.11319

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Mariyamah mariyamah

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

 

CHEDS: Journal of Chemistry, Education, and Science

Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia, FKIP - Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara
Kampus Induk UISU Jl. Sisingamangaraja XII Teladan, Medan 
Email: pend.kimia@fkip.uisu.ac.id | cheds@fkip.uisu.ac.id

Creative Commons License