Sekuritisasi Teknologi dalam Persaingan Amerika Serikat–Tiongkok: Pembatasan Akses Tiongkok terhadap Teknologi Semikonduktor, 2018–2025

Dedy Saputro, Pradono Budi Saputro, Muhammad Abdurrohim


Abstract


This study examines United States policies to limit the development of China’s semiconductor industry during the 2018–2025 period. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach based on documentary research, it applies Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver, and Jaap de Wilde’s Securitization Theory alongside the concepts of techno-nationalism and economic sanctions. The findings indicate that the United States government securitized China’s technological advancement by portraying it as an existential threat to its technological superiority, rather than merely an economic competitor. This constructed narrative successfully gained crucial acceptance from both domestic political audiences and international corporate allies. Consequently, this acceptance legitimized the execution of extraordinary measures, including the CHIPS and Science Act, stricter extraterritorial export controls, and the “Small Yard, High Fence” strategy. The study concludes that these policies represent a securitized form of technological protectionism, in which technological competition is reframed as a security emergency to justify abnormal market restrictions aimed at preserving the United States’ technological leadership.

Keywords


Securitization; semiconductor; techno-nationalism; export controls; US–China technology rivalry

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30743/mkd.v10i2.14236

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